18.3 创建网页：学习笔记主页

　　使用Django创建网页的三个阶段：定义URL、编写视图和编写模版。

3.1 映射URL

打开learning_log中urls.py

urlpatterns = [    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),    url(r'',include('learning_logs.urls',namespace='learning_logs')),]

在learning_logs中定义urls.py

'''定义learning_logs的URL模式'''from Django.conf.urls import urlfrom . import viewsurlpatterns = [#主页url(r'^$',views.index,name='index'),]

3.2 编写视图

打开learning_logs中views.py

from django.shortcuts import render# Create your views here.def index(request):    '学习笔记主页'    return render(request,'learning_logs/index.html')

3.3 编写模版

在learning_logs中建立文件templates/learning_logs/index.html，写入代码：

Learning Log
Learning Log helps you keep track of your learning,for any topic you'relearning about.

 

18.4 创建其他网页

4.1 模版继承

　　1 父模版

　　在learning_logs中建立文件templates/learning_logs/base.html，写入代码：

  Learning Log
{
    % block content %}{% endblock content %}

　　2 子模版

　　重写index.html继承base.html

{% extends 'learning_logs/base.html' %}{
    % block content %}  
Learning Log helps you keep track of your learning,for any topic you're  learning about.
{
    % endblock content %}

4.2 显示所有主题的页面

　　1 URL模式

　　修改learning_logs/urls.py：

url(r'^$',views.index,name='index'),#显示所有的主题url(r'^topics/$',views.topics,name='topics'),]

　　2 视图

　　views.py

from django.shortcuts import renderfrom .models import Topic# Create your views here.def index(request):    '学习笔记主页'    return render(request,'learning_logs/index.html')def topics(request):    '''显示所有的主题'''    topics = Topic.objects.order_by('date_added')    context = {
   'topics':topics}    return render(request,'learning_logs/topics.html',context)

　　3 模版

　　创建topics.html

{% extends 'learning_logs/base.html' %}{
    % block content %}  
Topics
  
     
          {
    % for topic in topics %}      
      
{
   { topic }}
    {
    % empty %}      
      
No topics have been added yet.
    {
    % endfor %}  
     
{
    % endblock content %}

　　修改base.html

  Learning Log -  Topics
{
    % block content %}{% endblock content %}

4.3 显示特定主题的页面

　　1.URL模式

　　修改learning_logs/urls.py：

#特定主题的详细页面url(r'^topics/(?P
     
      \d+)/$',views.topics,name='topics'),
     

　　2.视图

　　views.py

def topic(request,topic_id):    '''显示单个主题及其所有的条目'''    topic = Topic.objects.get(id=topic_id)    entries = topic.entry_set.order_by('-date_added')    context = {
   'topic':topic,'entries':entries}    return render(request,'learning_logs/topic.html',context)

　　3.模版

　　topic.html

{% extends 'learning_logs/base.html' %}{
    % block content %}  
Topic:{
   { topic }}
  
Entries
  
     
        {
    % for entry in entries %}    
      
      
{
   { entry.date_added|date:'M d,Y H:i' }}
      
{
   { entry.text|linebreaks}}
    
  {
    % empty %}    
      
      There are no entries for this topic yet.    
  {
    % endfor %}  
     
{
    % endblock content %}

　　4.将显示所有主题的页面中的每个主题都设置为链接

　　topics.html

{% for topic in topics %}      
    {
   { topic }}      
    {
    % empty %}